Indonesia

Prevention and reduction of plastic waste generation

Charge for single-use plastic products (e.g. shopping bags, straws)

Names of actions:
Phase out selected SUP, as governed under minister for environment and forestry regulation P.75/2019;

Targeted products:

– plastic bags;

– plastic straws;

– plastic cutlery;

– plastic-based food container;

– plastic foam/Styrofoam;

– small size packaging.

(fully prohibited by 1 January 2030)

Brief description:
Through the Ministerial regulation, the government obliges producers (manufacturer, retail, and F&B sector) to reduce waste that generates from their product, packaging, container, and shopping carrier in form of plastic, paper, aluminum, and glass.

We see a positive improvement from last two years

Comments:
Enacted in 2019, the government gives two years for the producers to develop their action plan as well as any necessary infrastructure/facility to take back their products/waste and to recycle them. The action plan will be entry into force by 2022.

Numerical data if any:
By June 2021 there are 23 producers have submitted to MOEF the planning document of waste reduction roadmap by the producer 2020-2029.

Inline with MOEF regulation P.75/2019, by June 2021 there are 58 local governments have stipulated local regulation to ban and limit the use of SUP at retail sector including plastic grocery bag, plastic straw, and plastic foam container.

Actions for encouraging sustainable / circular product design

Names of actions:
See the above-mentioned section 3.1.1.

Brief description:
MOEF regulation P.75/2019 regulates the producer as brand owner to implement the REDUCE principle of 3Rs by redesigning their product and packaging to become sustainable and circular such as returnable, reusable, recyclable, more recycled content, durable, compostable, refillable, and rechargeable.

We see a positive improvement from last two years

Measures

Achievements

Environmentally sound waste management

Enforcement of proper waste management system

Names of actions:
Adipura Program

Brief description:
This program is made to assess performance of local governments on waste management system they have established and operated.

Adipura Program monitors and evaluates the performance of local government on municipal solid waste management and then rank and classify them into 5 classification from the best to the worse: Class 1, Cass 2, Class 3, Class 4, dan Class 5.

We see a positive improvement from last two years

Prevention of littering, illegal dumping and unintentional leakage of waste into the ocean

Names of actions:
1.Citarum River Program in West Java Province;

2. Setting up trash boom in 10 priority rivers.

Brief description:
1. Citarum River Program has been implementing since 2018 with objective to clean and reduce pollution caused by industrial wastewater and garbage. The main activities are including river clean up action, law enforcement to polluted industries, campaign and education to community that live along riverbank, provide composting and plastic recycle facility, and improve disposal facility in several cities and regencies.

2. We plan to set up trash boom in 10 main rivers in northern costal of Java Island. The plan is based on research recommendation that conducted by Indonesian Science Institute (LIPI).

We see a positive improvement from last two years

Comments:

Now Citarum River is become cleaner.

Measures

Achievements

Cleanup of marine plastic litter

Collection of scattered waste on beach

Names of actions:
The Ocean Cleanup

Brief description:
Periodical actions to clean up the coastal areas from scattered waste, involving line stakeholders including ministries, local government, local communities, media, etc.

We see a positive improvement from last two years

Measures

Achievements

Promotion of innovative solutions

Policy actions for encouraging plastic alternatives (e.g. biodegradable plastics, circular product design – including use of recycled materials or closed loop recycling and so on’)

Names of actions:
See the above-mentioned section 3.1.2

Brief description:
MOEF regulation P.75/2019 regulates the producer as brand owner to implement the REDUCE principle of 3Rs by redesigning their product and packaging to become sustainable and circular such as returnable, reusable, recyclable, more recycled content, durable, compostable, refillable, and rechargeable.

Moreover, MOEF regulation P.75/2019 governs producer to implement take-back scheme of post-consumer product and packaging for recycling and reusing purpose. Both closed loop recycling and opened loop recycling is applied in this scheme.

We see a positive improvement from last two years

Comments:
A multi-national company has been implementing the closed loop recycling of PET bottle through bottle-to-bottle program.

Numerical data if any:
1 brand owner producer has implemented take-back scheme and succeed to collect and recycle 12,000 tons of used PET bottles.

Public-private partnerships for creating and implementing innovative solution

Names of actions:
Waste to Energy.

Brief description:
Processing waste into new energy sources. This program is jointly implemented between the government (as regulator) and private sectors as the off taker (power generation sector and cement sector), by switching coal to RDF/SRF product.

We see a positive improvement from last two years

Numerical data if any:
1 waste to electricity facility using thermal gasification technology has been installed and operated in Surabaya City with capacity 1,000 ton per day that produced 9 MW electric power.

1 refuse derived fuel (RDF) facility has been installed and operated in Cilacap Regency Central Java with capacity 120 ton per day that produced 40-50 tons RDF to be co-fired in cement.kiln.

Measures

Achievements

Education and awareness raising

Education system for encouraging public awareness on MPL issues

As part of marine debris management, strategy 1: national movement to increase awareness of stakeholders (see section 2.1).

Ministry of Education was appointed to chair the working group to initiate/develop training/workshop program for students in the area of waste management.

Indonesia has also been implementing a “green school” program called “Adiwiyata”, promoting green generation through green scouts, and a Junior Environmental Champion program for elementary school students. These programs include aspects related to 3Rs and sustainable waste management in schools.

We see a positive improvement from last two years

Awareness raising campaigns related to MPL

National level:

Names of actions:
“National Waste Management Day”

Brief description:
Serial campaigns are designed annually for public to raise their awareness about waste management (what and how to start dealing with their waste or not produce waste)

International / Regional level:

Names of actions:
The establishment of the Regional Capacity Center for Clean Seas (RC3S)

Brief description:
The mandates of the RC3S include (not limited to) efforts to promote public awareness in taking initiatives and effective measures to control the marine pollution from land-based activities.

National level:

We see a positive improvement from last two years

Numerical data if any:
Based on Kompas Daily Newspaper survey conducted in 2019 showed that 61% community agreed to bring their own reusable shopping bag, 90% community has implemented reducing use of SUP, and 97% community was intended to reduce waste plastic.

Reducing use of SUP consist of using reusable shopping bag (40%), tumbler (34.4%), and reusable cutlery (24.6%).

Behavioral change of community is caused by campaign (18.5%), being green lifestyle (13.8%), no more provided SUP (9.1%,) and government regulation (7.1%).

International / Regional level:

We see a positive improvement from last two years

Measures

Achievements

Monitoring & Scientific research on marine plastic litter

Actions for encouraging monitoring / scientific research on plastic flows and ocean surface microplastics

Names of actions:
Studies and research conducted by government agencies (e.g. Indonesian Institute of Sciences).

Indonesian Institute of Sciences conducted research on microplastic in 2015-2020, resulted in journals on the topic.

The Regional Capacity Center for Clean Seas (RC3S) in Bali, Indonesia. RC3S serves its purpose to contribute to the reduction and mitigation of land-based sources of marine pollution, with particular focus on nutrient, wastewater, marine litter and microplastics; which includes activities related to the optimization of technologies and innovation to monitoring marine litter and microplastics.

Brief description:
RC3S has conducted forum that brought experts with technologies and innovation that can be optimized to contribute to the monitoring of land-based pollution (including plastic and micro-plastic).

1) Actions for encouraging monitoring / scientific research on plastic flows and ocean surface microplastics

We see a positive improvement from last two years