Towards Osaka Blue Ocean Vision - G20 Implementation Framework for Actions on Marine Plastic Litter

Australia

Actions and Progress on Marine Plastic Litter
Last Update : 2025/10/21

Policy Framework

National Action Plan

● Australia’s Circular Economy Framework (2024)
In December 2024, Australia’s Circular Economy Framework was released. It provides the blueprint for Australia’s circular economy transition. This framework is the first time Australia has had a national policy which sets clear priorities and targets to keep materials in our economy for as long as possible, while reducing waste.
 
The overarching goal of ‘doubling the circularity of the economy by 2035’ is supported by 3 targets: reducing material footprint by 10 per cent; lifting materials productivity by 30 per cent; and safely recovering 80 per cent of our resources.
 
Achieving a circular economy will require coordinated efforts from all levels of government and across all sectors of the economy.

● National Waste Policy Action Plan (2024)
The National Waste Policy Action Plan guides Australia’s investment and national efforts to better manage waste and recover resources in support of a circular economy to 2030 and beyond. The plan includes seven ambitious targets that are supported through the delivery of actions by all Australian governments.

Two targets in the plan have a specific focus on addressing plastic waste exports (Target 1) and the phase out of problematic and unnecessary plastics (Target 5).

Australia’s environment ministers have established a roadmap to harmonise kerbside collection systems that sets out a minimum set of items that can be collected and recycled across the country. The roadmap provides national guiding principles to inform the inclusion of future items, including soft plastics, to the minimum lists through periodic reviews. This delivery of the roadmap will support Australia’s transition to a circular economy by reducing the volume of recyclable material that goes to landfill.

Legal Framework

● Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act)
The Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act) lists injury and fatality to vertebrate marine life caused by ingestion of, or entanglement in, harmful marine debris as a key threatening process.
 
Australia’s Threat Abatement Plan for the impacts of marine debris on the vertebrate wildlife of Australia’s coasts and oceans incorporates actions needed to abate the listed key threatening process. The threat abatement plan includes a range of management approaches for research and monitoring, public outreach and education, preventing and reducing debris from land-based sources as well as addressing marine-based sources and removing accumulated marine debris from the coastal marine environment.

● Recycling and Waste Reduction Act 2020 (RAWR Act)
➡ ● Recycling and Waste Reduction (Export—Waste Plastic) Rules 2021 (Waste Plastic Rules)
The RAWR Act provides a national framework to regulate the export of waste materials, and to manage their impact on the environment, and human health. Through subordinate legislation, the Act implements the export ban on unprocessed waste plastic, paper, glass, and tyres agreed by Commonwealth, state, and territory governments in March 2020.
 
The Waste Plastic Rules under the RAWR Act implement the ban on export of unprocessed waste plastic in two phases, through a licensing and declaration scheme. Phase 1 of the export ban was in place from 1 July 2021 until 30 June 2022. This required licence holders to sort plastic into a single polymer or resin prior to export for further processing, recycling, and re-manufacture. On 1 July 2022, phase 2 of the export ban commenced. This required licence holders to further process sorted waste in Australia prior to export, for example into flakes.
 
The Waste Plastic Rules help ensure that Australia takes responsibility for its plastic waste and promotes the development of our domestic recycling sector and circular economy. By ensuring we only export properly processed waste, we are preventing these materials from being dumped overseas, reducing harm to the environment and human health.

● Hazardous Waste (Regulation of Exports and Imports) Act 1989 (Hazardous Waste Act)
Australia is a signatory to the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal (Basel Convention) and implements its obligations through the Hazardous Waste Act.
 
The Basel Convention was amended from 1 January 2021 to enhance controls on exports, imports and transboundary movement of waste plastics, so that impacts on human health and the environment are minimised. The amendments introduced a broad category of waste plastics that are to be subject to prior informed consent procedures, with certain exceptions.
 
The Hazardous Waste Act was amended in 2021 to incorporate the Basel Convention plastic amendments into Australian law. The Hazardous Waste Act operates in tandem with the RAWR Act to ensure the optimal environmental outcome in relation to waste plastics.

● National Environment Protection (Used Packaging Materials) Measure 2011
The Australian Government is committed to reforming the regulation of the co-regulatory packaging system to increase sustainable packaging design and recyclability that will support a circular economy for packaging. The Government is considering mandatory packaging design requirements and setting minimum recycled content thresholds to drive end markets for recycled content. The government is also working on reducing packaging waste, including restricting problematic and excessive packaging.
 
The reform presents an opportunity to strengthen the domestic regulatory framework and ensure that all packaging available in Australia is designed to be recovered, reused, recycled and reprocessed and safely in line with circular economy principles. Increasing the effectiveness of the packaging framework will have consequences for marine plastic litter by increasing product sustainability and plastic collection, recycling and reuse.

● Protection of the Sea (Prevention of Pollution from Ships) Act 1983; Marine Order 95 (Marine pollution prevention – garbage) 2018
Australia is a Party to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL), which among other things, prohibits the discharge of plastic into the sea. Australia implements its obligations through the Protection of the Sea (Prevention of Pollution from Ships) Act 1983 (POTS Act) and Marine Order 95 (Marine pollution prevention – garbage) 2018 (MO95).
 
Under the MARPOL vessels are also required to maintain records of all garbage that is generated and disposed by the vessel, including plastics, through a Garbage Management Plan and a Garbage Record Book.
 
Additionally, MARPOL obliges Member States ensure that adequate reception facilities are available in ports and terminals to receive all types of waste, including plastic, generated by a ship during normal operations.

● Plastic Recycling
The Australian Plastic Flows and Fates reporting shows Australia’s plastic consumption, flow, recovery, and recycling from 2000 to 2021/22.

● Packaging Targets
The National Packaging Targets have driven systemic change to how packaging is designed, collected, recovered, and reprocessed, and are increasing recovery rates. The diversity of plastic materials and rapid innovation in materials and formats to deliver functionality creates ongoing challenges for sortation and reprocessing systems.
 
The Australian Government is taking a range of actions on waste and recycling that will support industry to deliver the Targets, including:

  • Funding under the Recycling Modernisation Fund to increase Australia’s onshore material processing infrastructure capacity
  • Working with state and territory governments to phase-out of problematic and unnecessary single-use plastics under the National Plastics Plan
  • Supporting the Australasian Recycling Label (ARL) as a world-leading educational tool to help households recycle correctly, including by investing $5 million to assist 20,000 small to medium enterprises improve packaging sustainability and labelling by adopting the ARL
  • Product stewardship schemes to increase plastic recycling rates

 
The Australian Government is committed to reforming the regulation of the co-regulatory packaging system to increase sustainable packaging design and recyclability that will support a circular economy for packaging. The Government is considering mandatory packaging design requirements and setting minimum recycled content thresholds to drive end markets for recycled content. The government is also working on reducing packaging waste, including problematic and excessive packaging.

● Australasian Recycling Label (ARL)
The Government supports the Australasian Recycling Label (ARL) as a world-leading educational tool to help households recycle correctly, including by investing $5 million to assist 20,000 small to medium enterprises improve packaging sustainability and labelling by adopting the ARL to increase plastic recycling rates. In 2024 over 350,000 Stock Keeping Units (SKUs) carried the ARL, and in Australia and New Zealand this is a growth of 95,000 SKUs since 2023.

● Packaging Regulatory Reform
Packaging regulatory reform provides an opportunity to address particularly challenging packaging types, such as soft plastics, through improved collection and recycling and product stewardship approaches. At the June 2024 Environment Ministers’ Meeting, Australia’s environment ministers considered the growing challenge of soft plastics, and the slow progress to re-establish in-store collection. As agreed by Environment ministers, a pathway to get soft plastics collected out of landfill has been developed. This considers different collection approaches across metropolitan, regional and remote locations, and available processing capacity in Australia.

● Plastic Use Reduction
NWPAP Target 5: Continued phase out of problematic and unnecessary plastics

● Australian Marine Debris Initiative (AMDI)
The Australian Marine Debris Initiative (AMDI) provides high-quality data that is crucial for informing both national and global plastic pollution policies. AMDI’s standardised monitoring framework supports the National Plastics Plan (NPP) by offering evidence-based insights into debris trends, enabling the setting of measurable targets, evaluating policy interventions, and prioritising areas for action.
 
The AMDI Framework provides critical data for policy development, target setting, and evaluation at both national and international levels, strengthening Australia’s leadership in marine debris prevention and contributing to global efforts to combat plastic pollution.
 
The AMDI Land Sea Source Index
To determine the likely origins of debris for coastal monitoring sites, the AMDI Database categorises items according to the Land Sea Source Index (LSSI).
 
This index uses information about the site and the physical properties of the item (form, material, buoyancy, etc.) to calculate the proportions of debris that are likely to come from onshore and offshore sources.
 
For example, on Christmas Island, part of Australia’s Indian Ocean Territories, marine
debris data from January - December 2024 reveals that (by item count) sea-based
sources contributed the majority of debris, with 87% likely originating from the ocean,
while only 13% came from land-based sources.

Indicators and/or Targets

 
 
 
 
 

Technical Standards, Guidelines and Methodologies

 
 
 
 
 

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Measures

Measures across Value Chain
Actions for encouraging sustainable / circular product design (example: improved durability, reparability, recyclability, reduction of material use per product…etc.) Yes

Australia’s Circular Economy Framework provides national direction on transitioning towards a circular economy, including improving design and better collaboration across the supply chain. Further information on Australia’s Circular Economy Framework is provided in Question 2.
 
Australia’s National Waste Policy Action Plan includes actions that promote sustainable design. Further information on National Waste Policy Action Plan is provided in Question 2.
 
The National Packaging Targets have driven systemic change to how packaging is designed, collected, recovered, and reprocessed, and are increasing recovery rates. Further information on Australia’s National Packaging Targets is provided in Question 2.

Policy actions for encouraging plastic alternatives, recycled materials at production stage. Yes

Australia’s National Waste Policy Action Plan includes actions that promote the use of recycled materials.
 
The Australian Government’s reform of packaging regulations is considering minimum recycled content thresholds by material and polymer to drive end markets for recycled content. Mandating the use of recycled content will reduce the dependency and demand on virgin materials, reduces the environmental impact in the manufacturing stages, increases recovery and recycling rates, and encourages investment in recovery and end markets for recycled materials.

Steps taken towards restricting microplastics in products. Yes

Australia’s National Waste Policy Action Plan includes actions to phase out microbeads from rinse off products.
Reduce single-use plastic (shopping bags, straws etc.) by regulations or voluntary measures (such as ban, levy, others) Yes

Australia’s National Waste Policy Action Plan includes actions that promote the reduction of single-use plastics.
 
The National Packaging Targets have driven systemic change to how packaging is designed, collected, recovered, and reprocessed, and are increasing recovery rates. National Packaging Target 4 is focused on phasing out problematic and unnecessary single use plastic packaging.
 
The Australian Government is supporting state and territory governments to phase out problematic and unnecessary single-use plastic products by 2025, or sooner. A roadmap to better harmonise action on these items was agreed by Australia’s Environment Ministers at the Environment Ministers Meeting in December 2024.

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Introduce Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) -

Specific Measures:

Targeted Products

Mandatory schemes: Used oil
Co-regulatory arrangements: TVs, computers, printers and related hardware
Government accredited industry-led voluntary schemes: mobile phones, tyres, large plastic bags, batteries, plastics and packaging, plastic paint pails, newspapers and magazines

Brief Description

Product stewardship in Australia - DCCEEW Product stewardship schemes support the environmentally sound management of products and materials over their life. This includes at the end of their useful life. These arrangements may be voluntary, mandatory or shared with industry.
 
Examples of good product stewardship are when:

  • People recycle products, and their packaging.
  • Companies design their products for easier recycling.
  • Companies use more recycled materials and less resources to manufacture their products.
  • Companies limit the hazardous materials their products contain.

 
See current arrangements and government priorities. Includes mobile phones, tyres, plastic bags, batteries.
 
The Australian Government accredits arrangements that effectively manage the negative environmental impacts of products throughout their life.
How to get your arrangement accredited.

Improve waste management and recycling system Yes

Australia’s National Waste Policy Action Plan includes actions to improve waste manage and recycling systems.
 
The Recycling Modernisation Fund (RMF) is a national initiative that is expanding Australia’s capacity to sort, process and remanufacture glass, plastic, tyres, paper and cardboard. The Australian Government is investing $250 million in new and upgraded recycling infrastructure through the RMF. The Fund will see over $1 billion invested in recycling infrastructure, with contributions from the states and territories and industry.

Promoting plastic waste re-use, recycling and recovery opportunities Yes

The National Circular Economy Framework provides guidance on transitioning towards a circular economy, including the reuse and remanufacturing of secondary materials.
 
Australia’s National Waste Policy Action Plan includes actions to promote the reuse of plastic waste, recycling and recovery.
 
The $60 million Plastics Technology (PT) stream is part of the Australian Government’s $250 commitment under the RMF. It is supporting more innovative and advanced recycling technologies targeting hard-to-recycle plastics to boost Australia’s plastics recycling rates.
 
In December 2023, the Australian Government released the National Framework for Recycled Content Traceability. The framework is a voluntary guideline that aims to improve trust in recycled content. It does this by guiding businesses along the supply chain to collect, share and verify recycled content information, including on their origin, composition and quality.
 
On 1 July 2024, the Australian Government’s Environmentally Sustainable Procurement Policy came into effect. The policy applies climate, environment and circularity principles to Australian Government procurements in 4 high impact categories: construction services over $7.5 million; furniture, fittings and equipment; ICT goods; and textiles, all over $1 million. The policy requires reporting against key metrics, including amount of recycled content, and will allow a baseline and targets to be set in future.
 
Australia is also creating the voluntary 'ReMade in Australia' scheme. The scheme will feature a recognisable logo for certified 'remade' products. This logo will help consumers identify Australian made products with recycled content. The scheme aims to increase the use and production of recycled materials.
The Australian Government supports the Australian Packaging Covenant Organisation’s (APCO) work with industry to deliver the National Packaging Targets, including priority projects to promote plastic re-use, recycling and recovery and the use of the Australasian Recycling Label (ARL).

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Install capturing trap/filter on drainage/river Yes

Australia’s Urban Rivers and Catchments Program is restoring the health of our urban waterways for native plants, animals, and local communities.
 
Projects funded by the program are helping conserve native plants and animals including platypus, waterbirds, turtles and fish. They are also improving the quality of waterways which provide for public health and social wellbeing.
 
The program is funding projects including, but not limited to the installation of litter and pollutant traps to prevent stormwater-borne plastics from entering aquatic and marine ecosystems.
Conduct clean-up activities in rivers/ wetlands/ beaches/ coasts/ coral reefs/ sea floor, involving local communities involving local communities Yes

Australia’s National Waste Policy Action Plan includes actions to support communities to clean up waste (including plastics) and reduce plastics and other wastes in our oceans.
 
Additionally, the Plastic Free Beaches initiative works with businesses in eight identified geographic areas to phase out problematic single use plastics. The selected areas disproportionately contribute to marine plastic litter (e.g. high visitor numbers, density of retail and food outlets offering single use plastic items, proximity to the coast or waterways through which plastic pollution is transported).
 
ReefClean
ReefClean was originally a five-year program (2019–2023) funded by the Australian Government’s Reef Trust. In 2023, Tangaroa Blue Foundation secured the Great Barrier Reef Marine Debris Management and Mitigation Grant, through Reef Trust. This new grant provides $3.5 million in funding from January 2024 to March 2027, ensuring the continued growth and expansion of the program, which delivers actions that:

  • Reduce the volume of marine debris generated in or entering the GBR.
  • Increase marine debris awareness in catchment communities and provide actions they can take to prevent litter from entering Reef waterways.

 
Since 2019 more than 15,510 volunteers from 400 organisations have removed 138.5 tonnes of debris from the GBR. 170 microplastic surveys were conducted across 44 sites following Australian Microplastic Assessment Project (AUSMAP) methodology.
 
Clean-up data were entered into the Australian Marine Debris Initiative (AMDI) Database and used to design and implement source reduction plans (SRPs) to target specific debris items (79 rolled out since 2019). Collectively, these efforts highlight the substantial impact of the ReefClean project, illustrating a committed and comprehensive approach to preserving the Great Barrier Reef for future generations.

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Issue-specific Measures
＜1＞ Abandoned, Lost and Discarded Fishing Gear (ALDFG)
Taken/to be taken National Level Action and/or Community Level Action on Clean sea initiatives including ghost net retrieval, ocean-bound plastics etc. Yes

The Ghost Nets Initiative
The Ghost Nets Initiative is a $14.8 million program focused on Australia’s Northern coastline and the Gulf of Carpentaria which is a hotspot for marine debris coming from the Arafura and Timor Seas. The Initiative provides funding for:

  • First Nations Ranger groups to undertake marine debris and ghost net retrievals and beach clean-ups and to collect data on the debris
  • Grant funding to a range of organisations to develop innovative solutions for locating, retrieving and recycling ghost nets and marine debris
  • In water retrievals and the use of GPS trackers to facilitate the removal of nets that are drifting in Australian waters.

 
The Ghost Nets Initiative has supported projects investigating recycling pathways and technologies for remote communities collecting ghost nets and marine debris. Trials are underway looking at recycling technologies that may be used including pyrolysis and remanufacturing into green ceramics and composite materials for local construction uses.

Taken actions for preventing abandoned, lost and discarded fishing gear (ALDFG) being generated. -
Created/creating collection/recycling mechanism for ALDFG Yes

The Ghost Nets Initiative has supported projects investigating recycling pathways and technologies for remote communities collecting ghost nets and marine debris. Trials are underway looking at recycling technologies that may be used including pyrolysis and remanufacturing into green ceramics and composite materials for local construction uses.
＜2＞ Port Waste Reception
For waste management in ports, please provide details regarding their solid waste management practices/facilities including:
Whether there is an applicable legal framework Yes

Protection of the Sea (Prevention of Pollution from Ships) Act 1983 (domestic implementing legislation for MARPOL)
Australia monitors how ships process and dispose of garbage, including plastic waste through AMSAs risk-based Port State Control (PSC) inspection program, conducting over 3000 PSC inspections each year. PSC verifies that ships are meeting their MARPOL requirements for waste management, recording and disposal.
The institution(s) responsible for (or playing a central role in, if voluntary action) managing the waste from ships? (example: port management authority, fishers' association...etc.) Yes

Australian Maritime Safety Authority, and MOU with Tangaroa Blue
The Australian Maritime Safety Authority (AMSA) holds an MOU with Tangaroa Blue, a non-government organisation that coordinates the Australian Marine Debris Initiative. AMSA works in partnership with Tangaroa Blue to enhance Australia’s capability to meet MARPOL garbage management obligations and help identify and address any gaps in our regulatory framework, including the proper disposal of plastic waste from ships to prevent marine debris.
Whether ports possess waste reception facilities/systems to handle solid waste from ships, the volume of waste collected and the percentage of ports with waste reception facilities? Yes

See MARPOL and MO95 information
The handling procedures for each distinct waste stream once onshore. -
Partnership and Innovation
Boost multi-stakeholder involvement and awareness-raising Yes

Australia’s National Waste Policy Action Plan includes actions to improve consumer awareness and support business and industry.
 
The Australian Packaging Covenant Organisation (APCO) as the industry scheme administrator under the co-regulatory packaging system delivers education, guidance, tools and events to promote sector wide engagement, awareness and action on sustainable packaging.

Encourage/ Incentivize action by private sector companies to reduce/ sustainably manage their plastic waste. Yes

Australia’s National Waste Policy Action Plan includes actions to avoid business waste and encourage innovation.
 
The Australian Packaging Covenant Organisation (APCO) supports brand owners and manufacturers, to reduce and sustainably manage packaging (including plastic packaging) through a range of member initiatives including design guidance and annual awards.
 
The Australian Government’s Environmentally Sustainable Procurement Policy applies climate, environment and circularity principles to Australian Government procurements in 4 high impact categories: construction services over $7.5 million; furniture, fittings and equipment; ICT goods; and textiles, all over $1 million. The policy requires suppliers who contract with the government to report against key metrics, including amount of recycled content, and will allow a baseline and targets to be set in future.
 
Australia is also creating the voluntary 'ReMade in Australia' scheme. The scheme will feature a recognisable logo for certified 'remade' products. This logo will help consumers identify Australian made products with recycled content. The scheme aims to increase the use and production of recycled materials.

Encourage public awareness on MPL issues through formal education system and/or curriculum for -
Promote innovative solutions through Research & Development (e.g., subsidy program, investment fund etc.) Yes

The National Product Stewardship Investment Fund provides financial support to set up new product stewardship arrangements or improve existing ones. It also funds the Product Stewardship Centre of Excellence.
 
Find out more about the investment fund.

Monitoring, Data Management, Understanding Flow of Plastics/MPL
Conduct Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of plastic products. What are the challenges if LCA is not conducted? Yes

LCAs are being conducted by states and territories for selected plastic products being considered for regulatory action.

Conduct Material Flow Analysis (MFA) on plastics. What are the challenges if MFA is not conducted? Yes

The annual Australian Plastic Flows and Fates reporting shows Australia’s plastic consumption, flow, recovery, and recycling from 2000 to 2021 22.

Conduct monitoring / estimation / scientific research on leakage of plastics/microplastics to the natural environment and/or flow of ocean surface.
What are the challenges if these actions are not conducted? 		No
International Collaboration
Participate in international cooperation through international organizations, multi-national groups, etc. Yes

Australia is an active participant through multilateral organisations and forums such as the G20, UNEP, IPBES, IUCN, and more.
 
Australian Marine Debris Initiative Data
On an international scale, AMDI data contributes to Australia’s commitments to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 14.1 to reduce marine pollution, and supports Australia’s role in the High Ambition Coalition to End Plastic Pollution. The data also informs the development of the International Plastics Treaty by identifying cross-border sources of marine litter and contributing to global strategies.

Support target region by your international cooperation initiatives/projects: South, Central and Southeast Asia Yes

Target Regions: Oceania
 
Pacific Ocean Litter Project
The Pacific Ocean Litter Project (POLP) is a $16 million Australian Government funded project (2019–2027), delivered by the Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programm (SPREP). POLP is working to reduce marine plastic litter in the coastal environments of Pacific island countries.
 
The project focuses on actions to refuse, reduce and replace single-use plastics, including plastic bottles and bags, take-away food containers, cutlery, and straws.
 
POLP is supporting Pacific island countries to:

  • Develop and adopt legislation, policies and practical strategies to reduce single-use plastics.
  • Increase consumer awareness and encourage use of alternatives to single-use plastics.
  • Target measures to reduce single-use plastics by sectors and businesses.
  • Identify and support sustainable alternative products.

 
POLP is funded by the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade through the Australian Aid Program, and administered by the Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water.

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Challenges

■ Recycling System Improvement

Specific Challenges:
Limited recycling capacity to manage problematic hard to recycle materials like soft plastics.
While there has been significant recent investment in reprocessing capacity, capacity shortages remain for some materials, including where low volumes make reprocessing unviable.
 
The Australian Government is working to reform Australia’s packaging regulations which will help us tackle the plastic problem.
 
Strengthened regulation provides an opportunity to ensure plastic packaging is designed for circularity and will drive the uptake of recycled content, reducing reliance on virgin materials. It will drive industry investment, minimise waste, and support circular economy outcomes for plastic packaging including soft plastics packaging.
 
To boost plastic recycling rates, the government committed additional funding to the Recycling Modernisation Fund for hard to recycle plastics.

■ Data Collection Related to Waste in General

Specific Challenges:
States and territories collect data in various formats and parameters, based on their Environment Protection Agency (EPA). Data sharing is limited due to confidentiality and can be difficult to aggregate at a national level.
 
Progress underway to streamline data collection with the use of reporting standards, and improve data sharing between the various levels of government (Local, State/Territory/Commonwealth)

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Best Practices

Private Sector Initiative
The Australasian Recycling Label (ARL) is a world-leading consumer education tool which helps households recycle and assists brand owners to design recyclable packaging. The Australian Government has invested $5 million to support small-to-medium enterprises to implement the ARL on their packaging, in turn giving households greater guidance on how to recycle and keeping more plastics out of landfill. In 2024 over 350,000 Stock Keeping Units (SKUs) carried the ARL.

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Contact Details

Name: Fleur Downard
Position: Director, International Environment and UN section
Division: International Environment, Reef and Ocean division
Organization: Australian Government Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water
Email:Fleur.Downard@dcceew.gov.au

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